Country Profile: Andorra
Andorra is a small, landlocked principality located in the Pyrenees mountains, between France and Spain. Known for its scenic landscape, it attracts approximately 8 million tourists annually, bolstering an economy characterized by a low tax regime and a strong banking sector. Governance is shaped by a parliamentary democracy established in 1993, which features a unique co-principality system shared between the President of France and the Bishop of Urgell, Spain.
Geography
Andorra is situated in southwestern Europe and boasts a rugged mountain terrain interspersed with narrow valleys. It experiences a temperate climate, characterized by snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers. The country has an area of 468 square kilometers, making it about 2.5 times larger than Washington, D.C.
- 118 km: Total land boundaries with France and Spain
- 0 km: Coastline (landlocked)
- 2,946 m: Highest point (Pic de Coma Pedrosa)
People and Society
The estimated population of Andorra is 85,370 as of 2024, with a notable urbanization rate of 87.8%. The society is diverse, with significant ethnic groups including Spanish, Andorran, and Portuguese. The predominant language spoken is Catalan, while the majority of the population identifies as Roman Catholic.
- 49.4 years: Median age (2025 est.)
- 6.88 births/1,000: Birth rate (2025 est.)
- 83.8 years: Life expectancy at birth (2024 est.)
Economy
Andorra boasts a high GDP per capita of approximately $65,900 in 2024, largely supported by its tourism and banking industries. The economy has shown resilience, recovering from the impacts of COVID-19 with a projected GDP growth rate of 3.4% for 2024. The nation is not part of the EU but uses the Euro as its currency under a monetary agreement.
- $5.402 billion: Real GDP (PPP) for 2024
- 77.6%: Services sector contribution to GDP (2024 est.)
- 1.3%: Remittances of GDP (2023 est.)
Government
Andorra is a parliamentary democracy, with a unique co-principality system that has been in place since 1993. The co-princes serve as ceremonial heads of state, while the government is led by an elected Prime Minister. The legal system is a mix of civil, customary, and canon law.
- 7: Administrative divisions (parishes)
- 18: Minimum voting age for universal suffrage
- 50%: Representation of women in the General Council
Military and Security
Andorra does not maintain regular military forces; instead, its defense is the responsibility of France and Spain. The internal security is managed by the Police Corps of Andorra, which operates under the Ministry of Justice and Interior.
Energy
Electricity access is universal in Andorra, with 100% of the population having access as of 2022.
Environment
Environmental issues in Andorra include deforestation and soil erosion, primarily attributed to overgrazing. The country has also engaged in numerous international environmental agreements aimed at addressing climate change and protecting biodiversity.
- 39.9%: Agricultural land usage (2023 est.)
- 315.6 million m³: Total renewable water resources (2022 est.)
- 8.5 µg/m³: Particulate matter emissions (2019 est.)
Transportation
Andorra’s transportation system includes 2 heliports as of 2025, and the country is primarily accessed via roads from neighboring countries since it has no airports.
Communications
The communications infrastructure in Andorra is well-developed, with high mobile and internet penetration rates. About 95% of the population uses the internet, and the country has a robust fixed-line and mobile subscription system.
- 126,214: Mobile cellular subscriptions (2023 est.)
- 52,000: Fixed-line telephone subscriptions (2023 est.)
- 42,000: Broadband fixed subscriptions (2023 est.)
Key Metrics
| Metric | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 85,370 | (2024 est.) |
| Area | 468 sq km | |
| Real GDP (PPP) | $5.402 billion | (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita | $65,900 | (2024 est.) |
| Birth rate | 6.88 births/1,000 population | (2025 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 83.8 years | (2024 est.) |
| Urban population | 87.8% | (2023) |
| Agricultural land | 39.9% | (2023 est.) |
| Electricity access | 100% | (2022 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | Low (exact figure not stated) |
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