Country Profile: Bermuda
Bermuda is a subtropical archipelago located in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina, USA. The islands boast a population of approximately 72,800, characterized by a diverse mix of ethnicities, primarily of African and European descent. Bermuda's economy is heavily reliant on international business and tourism, with a parliamentary democracy that offers limited self-government as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. Although the island faced a referendum for independence in 1995, it remains a pivotal offshore financial center today.
Geography
Bermuda consists of about 138 coral islands, with a total area of 54 square kilometers. The terrain features low hills separated by fertile depressions, creating a unique landscape ideal for tourism. The climate is mild and humid, with hurricanes occurring between June and November posing as a natural hazard.
- 54 sq km - Total area
- 103 km - Coastline length
- 79 m - Elevation of the highest point (Town Hill)
- 5.6% - Agricultural land usage (2022 estimate)
- 18.5% - Forested area (2022 estimate)
People and Society
As of 2024, Bermuda's population is estimated at 72,800, with a median age of 43.8 years. The population is predominantly Bermudian, with English as the official language, and a significant Protestant majority. Urbanization is complete, with 100% of residents living in urban areas.
- 100% - Urban population (2023)
- 82.5 years - Life expectancy at birth (2024 estimate)
- 10.9 - Birth rate (per 1,000 population, 2024 estimate)
- 9.3 - Death rate (per 1,000 population, 2024 estimate)
- 47.6% - Currently married women (ages 15-49, 2023 estimate)
Economy
Bermuda's economy is described as small and based on tourism and construction, with significant contributions from international business as an offshore banking hub. The GDP in purchasing power parity is projected at $6.808 billion in 2024, reflecting sustained growth in recent years.
- $6.808 billion - GDP (PPP, 2024 estimate)
- 2.1% - Projected GDP growth rate (2024 estimate)
- $105,300 - GDP per capita (PPP, 2024 estimate)
- 91.5% - Services sector contribution to GDP (2023 estimate)
- 56.3% - Exports of goods and services relative to GDP (2024 estimate)
Government
Bermuda operates under a parliamentary democracy as an overseas territory of the UK. The capital city is Hamilton, and the government is led by Premier David Burt since 2017. Bermuda has a bicameral legislature comprising the House of Assembly and the Senate, with universal suffrage granted at the age of 18.
- King CHARLES III - Chief of state (since 2022)
- 36 - Seats in the House of Assembly (directly elected)
- 11 - Appointed seats in the Senate
- 20% - Percentage of women in the House of Assembly
- 63.6% - Percentage of women in the Senate
Military and Security
The Royal Bermuda Regiment serves as the military force, primarily responsible for maritime security, search and rescue operations, and assisting local police. The regiment comprises about 350 personnel and is equipped with small arms.
- 350 - Personnel in the Royal Bermuda Regiment (2025)
- 3 years and 2 months - Minimum service obligation for volunteers
- Defensive responsibility - Managed by the UK
- Includes - Coast Guard and ceremonial duties
- Local security role - Assists Bermuda Police Service
Energy
Bermuda has achieved 100% electrification of its population, relying heavily on fossil fuels for electricity generation. The total installed generating capacity is 172,000 kW, with a significant portion of energy consumption attributed to petroleum.
- 100% - Electrification of the population (2022 estimate)
- 590.38 million kWh - Total electricity consumption (2023 estimate)
- 99% - Percentage of electricity from fossil fuels (2023 estimate)
- 4,000 bbl/day - Refined petroleum consumption (2023 estimate)
- 577,000 metric tonnes - Total carbon dioxide emissions (2023 estimate)
Transportation
Bermuda's transportation network includes one airport and a total of four ports, with a robust merchant marine comprised of 122 vessels. The island's strategic maritime position enhances its logistics capabilities.
- 1 - Operational airport (2025)
- 4 - Total ports (2024)
- 122 - Total vessels in the merchant marine (2023)
- 15 - Container ships in the merchant fleet
- 8 - Oil tankers in service
Communications
Bermuda boasts a high level of telecommunications access, including a widespread presence of mobile and fixed-line subscriptions. The internet penetration rate is significant, indicating advanced digital communication capabilities.
- 98% - Internet user penetration (2017 estimate)
- 68,000 - Mobile cellular subscriptions (2021 estimate)
- 25,000 - Fixed-line subscriptions (2021 estimate)
- 3 - TV stations in operation
- 23,000 - Fixed broadband subscriptions (2022 estimate)
Key Metrics
| Metric | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 72,800 (2024 est.) | |
| Area | 54 sq km | |
| GDP (PPP) | $6.808 billion | (2024 est.) |
| Electricity access | 100% | (2022 est.) |
| Birth rate | 10.9 births/1,000 | (2024 est.) |
| Death rate | 9.3 deaths/1,000 | (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 82.5 years | (2024 est.) |
| Unemployment | NA | |
| Energy consumption per capita | 122.737 million Btu/person | (2023 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.88 children born/woman | (2024 est.) |
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